Thermodynamics of impurities in hydrometallurgical processes

Thermodynamics of Chemical Processes

Thermodynamics of biological processes.

There is a long and rich tradition of using ideas from both equilibrium thermodynamics and its microscopic partner theory of equilibrium statistical mechanics. In this chapter, we provide some background on the origins of the seemingly unreasonable effectiveness of ideas from both thermodynamics and statistical mechanics in biology. After making a description of these foundational issues, we tu...

The Thermodynamics of the XXZ Heisenberg Chain with Impurities

In this paper, we discuss the effect of the arbitrary spin impurities to the spin-1/2 and spin-1 XXZ model. The effect of ground state, the free energy, the magnetic susceptibility, the specific heat and the Kondo temperature are given by using the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equation. 75.30.Hx, 75.10.Jm, 05.50.+q Typeset using REVTEX 1

Optimal processes in Stochastic Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics of discrete quantum processes

We define thermodynamic configurations and identify two primitives of discrete quantum processes between configurations for which heat and work can be defined in a natural way. This allows us to uncover a general second law for any discrete trajectory that consists of a sequence of these primitives, linking both equilibrium and non-equilibrium configurations. Moreover, in the limit of a discret...